逆变器系统
一、逆变器基础 | Inverter Fundamentals
二、逆变器硬件 | Inverter Hardware
三、逆变器功能 | Inverter Functions
四、逆变器安装与调试 | Inverter Installation & Commissioning
Central Inverter Installation — Placement and Wiring
Ma, Inverter #5 is on the pad. Let's start the installation checklist. First, verify the mounting — is the inverter level and the clearance around it per the spec?
马工，5号逆变器已就位。开始安装检查表。先核实安装——逆变器水平度和 周围间距符合规格吗？
马工: Inverter is leveled — all 4 base points within 1/8 inch. Front clearance 8 feet, rear clearance 5 feet, sides 3 feet each — all meet the manufacturer's minimum clearance for ventilation.
逆变器已调平——4个底座点在1/8英寸内。前面间距8英尺、后面5英尺、每 侧3英尺——全部满足厂家通风最小间距要求。
Good. Now DC input wiring. How many DC inputs per MPPT channel?
好。现在直流输入接线。每个MPPT通道多少个直流输入？
马工: This is a 2.5 MW central inverter with 8 MPPT channels. Each channel takes up to 16 fused DC inputs from the combiner boxes. Electrician lead, walk us through your DC connection.
这是2.5 MW集中式逆变器，带8个MPPT通道。每个通道最多接16路从汇流箱 来的带熔丝直流输入。电工班长，讲讲你们的直流连接。
电工班长: 每个直流输入电缆带有正负极两根，压接铜鼻子后接到逆变器的直流汇流排上。 每根线接好后用扭力扳手打紧到30英尺-磅。极性用万用表测过——正接正、负 接负。在接线之前我们也测了每路的开路电压和绝缘电阻——全部在规格内。
Each DC input cable has positive and negative, crimped with copper lugs and landed on the inverter DC busbar. After each connection, torque to 30 ft-lbs. Polarity checked with a multimeter — positive-to-positive, negative-to-negative. Before connecting, we also measured open-circuit voltage and insulation resistance per string — all within spec.
Very thorough. And the AC output? It's 690V, three-phase.
很仔细。交流输出呢？690V三相。
电工班长: AC cable is 3-phase + ground, 500 kcmil copper, terminated on the AC output breaker inside the inverter cabinet. Phase rotation checked: L1-L2-L3 clockwise — matches the grid.
交流电缆是三相+地线，500 kcmil铜缆，接在逆变器柜内交流输出断路器上。 相序测过：L1-L2-L3顺时针——与电网一致。
Inverter Commissioning — Grid Connection and Function Test
Ma, inverter #5 is wired and all checks pass. Let's power it up and commission it. First, close the DC disconnect — the inverter should power up its control electronics from the DC bus.
马工，5号逆变器接线完成、所有检查通过。上电调试吧。先合直流开关—— 逆变器应从直流母线取电启动控制电路。
马工: DC disconnect closed. Control panel is powering up... the LCD screen shows initializing, then the main menu. DC bus voltage is reading 1,085 V — that's the string Voc. No alarms. Good.
直流开关已合。控制面板上电中……LCD屏幕显示初始化，然后主菜单。直流 母线电压读数是1,085V——那是组串开路电压。无报警。好。
Now configure the parameters. Set the grid code to "CA Rule 21" for California. Enter the AC output voltage: 690V, frequency: 60 Hz. Set the MPPT scan interval to every 15 minutes. Enable anti-islanding, LVRT, HVRT, and reactive power control.
现在设定参数。电网码选"CA Rule 21"（加州）。输入交流输出电压： 690V、频率：60Hz。MPPT扫描间隔设为每15分钟一次。启用反孤岛、LVRT、 HVRT和无功控制。
马工: Done. Now — close the AC output breaker and start the inverter.
设好了。现在——合交流输出断路器，启动逆变器。
(inverter starts) The inverter is synchronizing to the grid... synchronization complete. Power ramp is starting — the MPPT is tracking. Power is climbing: 200 kW... 450 kW... 800 kW... 1,250 kW... steady at about 1,850 kW under current irradiance of 820 W/m².
（逆变器启动）逆变器正在与电网同步……同步完成。功率开始爬升——MPPT 正在跟踪。功率上升：200 kW……450 kW……800 kW……1,250 kW……在目前820 W/m²辐照度下稳定在约1,850 kW。
马工: Check the power quality — THD, power factor, DC injection.
查一下电能质量——THD、功率因数、直流分量。
SCADA工程师: 谐波THD在1.2%——远低于3%的限值。功率因数0.99。直流注入小于额定 电流的0.5%。全部在IEEE 1547标准限值内。逆变器在SCADA上通讯正常—— 我在看所有遥测数据刷新。
Harmonic THD is 1.2% — well under the 3% limit. Power factor 0.99. DC injection is under 0.5% of rated current. All within IEEE 1547 limits. Inverter communication on SCADA is working — I'm seeing all telemetry refreshing.
Now test the LVRT — simulate a grid voltage dip to 30% for 625 milliseconds. The inverter should stay connected and ride through.
现在测试LVRT——模拟电网电压跌落到30%持续625毫秒。逆变器应保持连接 穿越。
(test completes) The inverter rode through without tripping. After the dip cleared, power recovered to pre-dip level within 2 seconds. LVRT test passes.
（测试完成）逆变器穿越成功没有跳闸。电压恢复后，功率在2秒内恢复到 跌落前水平。LVRT测试通过。
马工: 逆变器#5全部调试完成。可以投入商业运行。
Inverter #5 fully commissioned. Ready for commercial operation.