一、消防系统概述 | Fire Protection Overview
消防— fire protection; firefighting —/faɪr prəˈtɛkʃən/; /ˈfaɪrˌfaɪtɪŋ/
主动消防— active fire protection —/ˈæktɪv faɪr prəˈtɛkʃən/
被动消防— passive fire protection —/ˈpæsɪv faɪr prəˈtɛkʃən/
防火分区— fire compartment; fire zone —/faɪr kəmˈpɑrtmənt/
耐火等级— fire resistance rating —/faɪr rɪˈzɪstəns ˈreɪtɪŋ/
防火间距— fire separation distance —/faɪr ˌsɛpəˈreɪʃən ˈdɪstəns/
疏散— evacuation —/ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/
疏散通道— escape route; means of egress —/ɪˈskeɪp rut/; /minz əv ˈiɡrɛs/
消防车道— fire access road —/faɪr ˈæksɛs roʊd/
NFPA— NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) —/ˌɛn ˌɛf ˈpi ˈeɪ/
二、消防水系统 | Water-Based Fire Systems
消火栓— fire hydrant —/faɪr ˈhaɪdrənt/
室内消火栓— indoor fire hydrant; hose reel —/ˈɪnˌdɔr faɪr ˈhaɪdrənt/
室外消火栓— outdoor fire hydrant; yard hydrant —/ˈaʊtˌdɔr faɪr ˈhaɪdrənt/
消防泵— fire pump —/faɪr pʌmp/
电动消防泵— electric fire pump —/ɪˈlɛktrɪk faɪr pʌmp/
柴油消防泵— diesel fire pump —/ˈdizəl faɪr pʌmp/
稳压泵— jockey pump —/ˈdʒɑki pʌmp/
消防水池— fire water tank; fire reservoir —/faɪr ˈwɔtər tæŋk/
喷淋系统— sprinkler system —/ˈsprɪŋklər ˈsɪstəm/
湿式喷淋— wet pipe sprinkler —/wɛt paɪp ˈsprɪŋklər/
干式喷淋— dry pipe sprinkler —/draɪ paɪp ˈsprɪŋklər/
预作用喷淋— pre-action sprinkler —/pri ˈækʃən ˈsprɪŋklər/
雨淋系统— deluge system —/ˈdɛljudʒ ˈsɪstəm/
洒水喷头— sprinkler head —/ˈsprɪŋklər hɛd/
快速响应喷头— quick response sprinkler —/kwɪk rɪˈspɑns ˈsprɪŋklər/
水流指示器— water flow indicator —/ˈwɔtər floʊ ˈɪndɪˌkeɪtər/
报警阀— alarm check valve —/əˈlɑrm tʃɛk vælv/
末端试水阀— inspector's test valve —/ɪnˈspɛktərz tɛst vælv/
三、气体灭火与泡沫 | Gas & Foam Suppression
气体灭火— gas suppression; clean agent system —/ɡæs səˈprɛʃən/
CO₂灭火— CO₂ fire suppression —/ˈsi ˈoʊ ˈtu/
IG-541— IG-541 (Inergen) —/ˈaɪ ˈdʒi faɪv fɔr wʌn/
FM-200— FM-200 (HFC-227ea) —/ˈɛf ˈɛm tu ˈhʌndrəd/
Novec 1230— Novec 1230 —/noʊˈvɛk twɛlv ˈθɜrti/
泡沫灭火— foam suppression —/foʊm səˈprɛʃən/
泡沫液— foam concentrate —/foʊm ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt/
泡沫比例混合器— foam proportioner —/foʊm prəˈpɔrʃənər/
泡沫产生器— foam generator; foam maker —/foʊm ˈdʒɛnəˌreɪtər/
高倍泡沫— high-expansion foam —/haɪ ɪkˈspænʃən foʊm/
低倍泡沫— low-expansion foam —/loʊ ɪkˈspænʃən foʊm/
四、火灾报警系统 | Fire Alarm System
火灾报警系统— FAS (Fire Alarm System) —/fæs/
火灾报警控制器— FACP (Fire Alarm Control Panel) —/fæk/
感烟探测器— smoke detector —/smoʊk dɪˈtɛktər/
感温探测器— heat detector —/hit dɪˈtɛktər/
火焰探测器— flame detector —/fleɪm dɪˈtɛktər/
手动报警按钮— manual call point; pull station —/ˈmænjuəl kɔl pɔɪnt/
声光报警器— sounder/strobe; horn/strobe —/ˈsaʊndər stroʊb/
输入模块— monitor module —/ˈmɑnɪtər ˈmɑdʒul/
输出模块— control module —/kənˈtroʊl ˈmɑdʒul/
联动控制— cause-and-effect; fire matrix —/kɔz ænd ɪˈfɛkt/
消防广播— fire voice evacuation —/faɪr vɔɪs ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/
消防电话— fire telephone; fireman's telephone —/faɪr ˈtɛləˌfoʊn/
地址码— address; loop address —/ˈædrɛs/
回路— loop —/lup/
环形回路— ring loop; Class A loop —/rɪŋ lup/
五、消防检测与验收 | Fire Testing & Acceptance
消防检测— fire testing —/faɪr ˈtɛstɪŋ/
水压试验— hydrostatic test —/ˌhaɪdrəˈstætɪk tɛst/
流量测试— flow test —/floʊ tɛst/
消防泵性能测试— fire pump performance test —/faɪr pʌmp pərˈfɔrməns tɛst/
喷淋测试— sprinkler test —/ˈsprɪŋklər tɛst/
联动测试— integrated test; cause-and-effect test —/ˈɪntəˌɡreɪtɪd tɛst/
消防验收— fire acceptance; fire marshal approval —/faɪr əkˈsɛptəns/
年度检测— annual inspection —/ˈænjuəl ɪnˈspɛkʃən/
维保合同— maintenance contract —/ˈmeɪntənəns ˈkɑntrækt/
消防演练— fire drill —/faɪr drɪl/
Fire Pump Performance Test — Chemical Plant
AnnaMr. Kim, this is the annual fire pump performance test. Your insurance policy requires that the fire pumps deliver at least 150% of rated flow at 65% of rated pressure, and the shut-off pressure must not exceed 140% of rated pressure. NFPA 20 is the standard. Can we proceed?
Kim先生，这是年度消防泵性能测试。你们的保险条款要求消防泵在 65%额定压力下至少输出150%额定流量，关死压力不得超过额定压力的140%。 按NFPA 20标准。可以开始吗？
RobertAbsolutely. We have one electric fire pump — rated 2,500 GPM at 120 psi — and one diesel backup. Plus a jockey pump at 50 GPM. Diego, we'll test the electric pump first. Set up the flow meter on the test header.
当然。我们有一台电动消防泵——额定2,500 GPM/120 psi——和一台柴油 备用泵。加一台50 GPM稳压泵。Diego，先试电动泵。把流量计装在试验 管接口上。
DiegoTest header is ready — three 2.5-inch hose valves with pitot gauges. Flow meter calibrated last month. Starting at churn (zero flow): discharge pressure 138 psi. Rated is 120 psi, so churn is 115% of rated — within the 140% limit. Now opening one valve for the first test point... flow is 1,050 GPM at 126 psi — that's the 100% rated point, pressure at 105% of rated. Within spec.
试验管接口就绪——三个2.5英寸水带接口配皮托管。流量计上个月校准的。 从零流量开始：出口压力138 psi。额定120 psi，零流量115%额定—— 在140%限值内。现在开一个阀测第一个点……流量1,050 GPM、压力126 psi—— 这是100%额定点，压力105%额定。合规。
AnnaGood. Now test the 150% point. Open all three valves.
好。现在测150%点。三个阀全开。
DiegoOpening valves... flow 3,810 GPM at 82 psi. That's 152% of rated flow. Pressure is 82 psi / 120 psi = 68.3% of rated — above the 65% minimum. PASS. If the flow stays here for two minutes and the pump doesn't overheat, we're good.
开阀中……流量3,810 GPM、压力82 psi。152%额定流量。压力82/120= 68.3%额定——高于65%最低值。通过。如果保持这个流量两分钟泵不 过热，就OK。
Anna(marking checklist) Electric fire pump — performance test passed. Now let's see the diesel pump. Start it on the automatic transfer switch — simulate a power failure.
（标记检查表）电动消防泵——性能测试通过。现在看柴油泵。用自动 转换开关启动——模拟断电。
DiegoCutting power to the electric pump... diesel pump auto- started in 8 seconds — well within the 15-second NFPA requirement. Pressure building... 122 psi at full flow, 102 psi at 150% point. Diesel pump passes. And the fuel tank has 87% diesel — enough for 8 hours of continuous operation at full load, exceeding the NFPA 6-hour minimum.
切断电动泵电源……柴油泵8秒自启——远在NFPA 15秒要求内。压力建立 中……全流量122 psi、150%点102 psi。柴油泵通过。油箱87%柴油—— 足够满负荷连续运行8小时，超过NFPA 6小时最低要求。