商务谈判
一、谈判基础 | Negotiation Fundamentals
二、谈判策略与技巧 | Negotiation Strategies & Tactics
三、工程商务谈判场景 | Engineering Negotiation Scenarios
四、谈判用语 | Negotiation Language
五、跨文化谈判 | Cross-Cultural Negotiation
Characters: Contractor Commercial Manager (承包商商务 CM) / Client Contracts Manager (业主合同 CC) · Characters: Project Manager (项目经理 PM) / Client PM (业主项目经理 CP)
Thank you for sitting down with us on Variation Order 27 — additional piling work for the warehouse foundation. We submitted our quotation at USD 187,000. I understand you have some concerns?
感谢和我们坐下来谈27号变更单——仓库基础新增打桩。我们的报价18.7万美元。 了解你们有些顾虑?
We do. Our quantity surveyor's independent estimate comes in at USD 142,000. That's a 32% gap. Can you walk me through how you arrived at your figure?
有的。我们工料测量师的独立核算是14.2万美元。差了32%。能说说18.7万怎么 算的吗?
Of course. The gap comes from three factors. First, mobilization — this is additional work outside the original scope, so we need to bring the piling rig back to site after it was demobilized. That's USD 18,000. Second, the soil conditions — the bore log shows rock at 11 meters, which requires rock auger, slower than the original clay drilling. Third, the quantities: we measured 1,380 linear meters versus your 1,280. Let's go through each.
当然。差距来自三个因素。一、进场——这是合同外新增工作,打桩机已在退场后需 重新运回现场,1.8万。二、地质条件——钻孔显示11米见岩,需用岩石钻头,比原来 的土层钻进慢。三、工程量:我们量了1380延米,你们是1280延米。逐一过吧。
On item one — the rig demobilization was at your convenience, not ours. I'll allow USD 9,000 for remobilization, not 18,000. On item two, you have a fair point on the rock. On item three, let's do a joint measurement on site tomorrow. Based on that, if I accept the rock premium and we agree on quantities, I can see a settlement around USD 160,000. How does that sound?
第一项——打桩机退场是你方便利,不是我方要求。重新进场我同意9000,不是 18000。第二项,岩石情况你有道理。第三项,明天双方现场联合测量。基于这些, 如果岩石加价我接受、工程量达成一致,结算大约16万。怎么样?
Let me do the math... USD 160,000 is within our range if the joint measurement confirms our quantities. I propose we conditionally accept at 160,000 subject to the joint measurement. If quantities differ, we adjust pro-rata. Agreed?
我算算……如果联合测量确认我们的工程量,16万在可接受范围。我建议有条件接受 16万,以联合测量为准。量有出入则按比例调整。同意吗?
We received your claim for a 45-day extension of time due to the extraordinary rainfall in March. But our weather data shows March rainfall was only 15% above the 10-year average. Why should this qualify as force majeure?
收到了你们因3月特大降雨提出的45天工期索赔。但我们的气象数据显示3月降雨量 只比十年平均高15%。这凭什么算不可抗力?
We're not claiming force majeure — we're claiming an excusable delay under Clause 8.4 of the contract, which covers "exceptionally adverse climatic conditions." The 10-year average is misleading because it smooths out extremes. Looking at the daily data: we had 22 rain days in March versus the historical average of 9. That's a 144% increase in lost working days, which is the metric that matters for construction.
我们不是按不可抗力索赔——是按合同8.4款的"异常不利气候条件"导致的免责延误。 十年平均有误导性,因为它抹平了极端值。看每日数据:3月有22个雨日,历史平均 是9天。损失工作日增加了144%,这才是施工的关键指标。
I see your point on the rain days. But 45 days seems excessive. Let's look at the schedule impact analysis. In March, you were doing earthworks and foundations. After the rain, how many days did it take for the soil to dry out enough to resume work?
雨日这点有道理。但45天太多。看进度影响分析。3月你们在做土方和基础。雨停后 土壤干到可复工用了多少天?
Our geotechnical logs show the clay took an average of 4 days to dry out after each major downpour. With 5 major downpours, that's 20 drying days plus 22 rain days — 42 days of impact. We've only claimed 45. We also have contemporaneous records: daily site diaries, photos, and the independent weather station data from the airport 3 km away.
地勘日志显示每次强降雨后黏土平均需要4天干燥。5次强降雨,就是20个干燥天 加22个雨日——42天影响。我们只索赔45天。我们也有同期记录:每日施工日志、 照片、3公里外机场的独立气象站数据。
I'll need to review those records. If they corroborate your analysis, I can recommend 40 days to my management. The 5-day difference accounts for the fact that some indoor work like rebar fabrication could have continued during rain. Fair?
我需要审那些记录。如果能佐证你的分析,我可以建议管理层40天。差5天是因为 一些室内作业如钢筋加工在雨天也能继续。公平吗?
Let's split the difference at 42 days — and I'll also withdraw the associated prolongation cost claim as a good-faith gesture. All we really need is the time extension to protect against liquidated damages. Deal?
各让一步,42天——作为善意表示,我也会撤回相关的延期费用索赔。我们真正需要的 只是工期延长来规避误期罚款。成交?